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应用杀雄菌属(Arsenophonus)23S rDNA基因和沃尔巴克氏体(Wolbachia) wsp基因的特异引物,通过PCR扩增的方法对我国20个水稻二化螟地理种群感染两类内共生菌的情况进行了检测.结果表明: 我国水稻二化螟不同地理种群的Arsenophonus和Wolbachia感染率不一致,哈尔滨、惠水、吉林、南阳和扬州5个地理种群的Arsenophonus感染率为5.0%~50.0%;汉中、南宁和扬州3个地理种群的Wolbachia感染率为25.0%~40.0%,其他地理种群中没有检测到这两种共生菌的存在.水稻二化螟不同地理种群感染的Arsenophonus 23S rDNA基因序列完全一致,将该基因株型命名为csArs.但所检测到的Wolbachia wsp基因序列不一致,分别为wChisup1、wChisup5和wChisup6,其中wChisup1属于A群,其他属于B群.这说明水稻二化螟感染的Arsenophonus为同一株型,而感染的Wolbachia株型较为复杂.通过构建系统发育树发现,水稻二化螟体内的Arsenophonus23S rDNA基因和Wolbachia wsp基因与其他物种体内相关序列完全一致或高度相似. 相似文献
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Chilo partellus, the spotted stem borer (SSB), is reported for the first time from the fields of sorghum and corn in Israel. Spotted stem borer larvae were first discovered in July 2010 on sorghum and corn plants in the Western Galilee. The new pest had spread all over northern Israel by the end of 2011. The identity of the new pest was confirmed using the morphology of the dissected male genitalia and its attraction to SSB sex pheromone. 相似文献
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【目的】精氨酸激酶(arginine kinase, AK)(EC 2.7.3.3)是昆虫体内重要的磷酸原激酶(能量代谢调节因子),也是唯一能够形成有效ATP的磷酰基供体,起着与脊椎动物中肌酸激酶相同的作用。本研究旨在了解鳞翅目害虫AK基因的表达和功能。【方法】利用qRT-PCR方法测定AK基因在大螟Sesamia inferens、二化螟Chilo suppressalis、甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua和斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura 这4种鳞翅目害虫不同发育阶段和3龄幼虫不同组织中的表达谱;通过终点法检测了这4种害虫不同发育阶段和幼虫不同组织中的AK酶活性;采用RNAi技术抑制该基因的表达并分析其功能。【结果】AK基因在大螟、二化螟、甜菜夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾这4种鳞翅目昆虫的不同发育阶段和3龄幼虫不同组织中均有表达,说明该基因的表达不具有发育时期和组织特异性。不同发育时期和3龄幼虫不同组织中AK酶活性与基因表达量变化趋势大体一致。注射以AK基因为靶标的dsRNA 6 d后,4种害虫体内AK基因的mRNA表达下降30%~50%,AK酶活性降低30%左右;14 d后幼虫的死亡率达50%左右,显著高于对照组幼虫的死亡率。【结论】AK基因在上述4种鳞翅目害虫中为组成型表达,RNAi抑制AK基因的表达可导致4种害虫的幼虫死亡,研究结果为开发以AK基因为靶标的鳞翅目害虫防治新技术提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Mohammed I. Al-Daej Mohamed M. El-Malky Muhammad N. Sattar Adel A. Rezk Muhammad N. Naqqash Jameel M. Al-Khayri 《Phyton》2022,91(9):1905-1922
Rice stem borer (Chilo agamemnon Bles.) is a primary insect pest of rice and is a major limiting factor to rice
production. Breeding for insect-resistant crop varieties has been an economic way of integrated pest management
(IPM) as it offers a viable and ecologically acceptable approach. This study was aimed to evaluate rice genotypes
for their resistance against rice stem borer. Seven parental genotypes with twenty one F1 crosses were evaluated
for genotypic variation in field experiments. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for the studied
traits in almost all crosses and parents. In addition, the mean squares of parents versus their crosses were signifi-
cant for stem borer resistance and other associated traits. Moreover, both general combining ability (GCA) and
specific combining ability (SCA) variances were highly significant for all characters studied in the F1 generation.
Based on GCA, 4 genotypes (Sakha101, Gz6903-3-4-2-1, Gz9577-4-1-1 and Hassawi) exhibited highly significant
negative values for stem borer resistance (–0.53, –1.06, –0.18 and –0.49, respectively) indicating they are the best
combiners for stem borer resistance. Based on SCA analysis, nine cross combinations showed highly significant
negative effects for stem borer resistance. Similarly, the cross Giza178 Hassawi was the best combination with
significantly highest value for early maturity. In addition, seven crosses showed highly significant negative
SCA for plant height trait. On the other hand, for panicle length, number of primary branches/panicle, panicle
weight and 1000-grain weight, seven, four, eight and six crosses showed highly significant positive SCA, respectively. The result further revealed that the non-additive dominance genetic variance was higher than the additive
variance for all evaluated traits indicating that non-additive genetic variances have a role in their inheritance. The
broad-sense heritability estimates were high for all the studied traits. The stem borer resistance was significantly
correlated with panicle weight and 1000-grain weight, which also showed a highly significant correlation with
grain yield/plant. Thus these traits can be effectively employed in a breeding program to confer resistance against
stem borer infestation in rice. It was further supported by biplot analysis, which clustered these potentially important traits into two quadrants showing their importance in any future breeding program to control stem borer
infestation. This study has contributed valuable information for evaluation of genetic diversity in the local rice
germplasm and its utilization in futuristic rice genetic improvement programs. 相似文献
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在实验室条件下水稻螟蛾发育和存活的温度需求(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对6种水稻害虫Chilo polychrysa (Meyrick)、C. suppressalis (Walker), C. partellus (Swinhoe), Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), S. innotata (Walker)和Sesamia inferens的卵、幼虫和蛹在10到40°C的七个固定温度下(10,15,20,25 30,35和40°C)的发育和存活进行了研究。在一定的温度下6种害虫的卵、幼虫和蛹的发育周期是明显不同的(P<0.0001)。卵、幼虫和蛹的日发育的平均百分比随着温度的增加而增加。总发育周期与温度的增加成反比。临界温度下限是在10-15°C中间,而上限在35-40°C中间,此时害虫并不发育。对于上述6种害虫的卵、幼虫和蛹的平均发育起点温度分别为8.57±1.71,7.70±1.01,8.56±3.25,10.19±2.19,8.64±2.68和7.91±0.82°C。6种水稻害虫的卵、幼虫和蛹的总温度常数分别是705.56,725.32,703.30,556.59,655.34和837.95日·度。经计算,6种雌蛾的产卵所需的积温分别为99.06,90.85,99.29,75.16,92.25和80.41日·度。完成一世代所需的积温分别是804.62,816.17,802.59,631.75,648.84 and 918.36日·度。 相似文献
9.
Maize (variety Katumani) was planted in a greenhouse and plants were infested with 20 Chilo partellus second instar larvae 3 and 4 weeks after plant emergence. One isolate of Beauveria bassiana (BB-01) and four isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (PPRC-4, PPRC-19, PPRC-61 and EE-01) were sprayed onto the leaf whorl at 2×108 conidia/mL 24 h after infestation. Leaf damage by the larvae was greatly reduced by the treatments. The mean daily temperature and relative humidity in the greenhouse ranged from 10 to 35°C and 30 to 90%, respectively. The growth of infested unsprayed plants was less than that of fungi treated plants. Stem tunneling (1-5%), deadheart (0-33%), number of attacked nodes (0.3-2.5) and holes (0.2-3.3) were also reduced in plants sprayed with conidial suspensions. Isolates PPRC-4, PPRC-19 and PPRC-61 seemed to be the best candidates for further development. 相似文献
10.